4\uff0e\u500d\u983b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u500d\u983b\uff0c\u5168\u540d\u70ba\u500d\u983b\u4fc2\u6578\uff0c\u662f CPU \u4e3b\u983b\u8207\u5916\u983b\u7684\u6bd4\u503c\u3002\u539f\u5148\u6c92\u6709\u500d\u983b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0cCPU \u4e3b\u983b\u548c\u7cfb\u7d71\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\uff0c\u4f46 CPU \u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u5feb\uff0c\u500d\u983b\u6280\u8853\u4e5f\u5c31\u61c9\u904b\u800c\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
CPU \u4e3b\u983b\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\u70ba\uff1a\u4e3b\u983b = \u5916\u983b \u00d7 \u500d\u983b\u3002\u986f\u7136\uff0c\u7576\u5916\u983b\u4e0d\u8b8a\u6642\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u500d\u983b\uff0cCPU \u4e3b\u983b\u4e5f\u5c31\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b3e CPU \u9810\u8a2d\u7684\u500d\u983b\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500b\uff0c\u4e3b\u6a5f\u677f\u5fc5\u9808\u80fd\u652f\u63f4\u9019\u500b\u500d\u983b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u9078\u8cfc\u4e3b\u6a5f\u677f\u548c CPU \u6642\u5fc5\u9808\u6ce8\u610f\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5169\u8005\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7d71\u5c31\u7121\u6cd5\u904b\u4f5c\u3002\u4fd7\u7a31\u7684\u8d85\u983b\u5c31\u662f\u900f\u904e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u500d\u983b\u4fc2\u6578\uff0cCPU \u5de5\u4f5c\u983b\u7387\u8d85\u904e CPU \u4e3b\u983b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5\uff0e CPU \u7684\u4f4d\u5143\u548c\u5b57\u9577<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u6578\u4f4d\u96fb\u8def\u548c\u96fb\u8166\u6280\u8853\u4e2d\u63a1\u7528\u4e8c\u9032\u4f4d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709 0 \u548c 1\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u662f 0 \u9084\u662f 1 \u5728 CPU \u4e2d\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u201c\u4f4d\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
CPU \u5728\u55ae\u4f4d\u6642\u9593\u5167\uff08\u540c\u4e00\u6642\u9593\uff09\u80fd\u4e00\u6b21\u8655\u7406\u7684\u4e8c\u9032\u4f4d\u6578\u7684\u4f4d\u6578\u53eb\u5b57\u9577\u3002\u80fd\u8655\u7406\u5b57\u9577\u70ba8 \u4f4d\u5143\u8cc7\u6599\u7684 CPU \u901a\u5e38\u53eb 8 \u4f4d\u5143 CPU\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c32 \u4f4d\u5143 CPU \u5c31\u80fd\u5728\u55ae\u4f4d\u6642\u9593\u5167\u8655\u7406 32 \u4f4d\u5143\u4e8c\u9032\u4f4d\u8cc7\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4f4d\u5143\u7d44\u548c\u5b57\u9577\u7684\u5340\u5225\uff1a\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u5143\u7528 8 \u4f4d\u5143\u4e8c\u9032\u4f4d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c07 8b \u7a31\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u4f4d\u5143\u7d44\u3002 CPU\u5b57\u9577\u662f\u4e0d\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c8 \u4f4d\u5143 CPU \u4e00\u6b21\u53ea\u80fd\u8655\u7406 1B\uff0c\u800c 32 \u4f4d\u5143 CPU \u4e00\u6b21\u5c31\u80fd\u8655\u7406 4B\uff0c64 \u4f4d\u5143 CPU \u4e00\u6b21\u53ea\u80fd\u8655\u7406 8B\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
6\uff0e\u5feb\u53d6<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5feb\u53d6\uff08Cache\uff09\u662f\u4f4d\u65bc CPU \u8207\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u66ab\u5b58\u5668\uff0c\u5bb9\u91cf\u6bd4\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u5c0f\uff0c\u5b58\u53d6\u901f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u5feb\u3002 Cache \u4e2d\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u662f\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7576\u96fb\u8166\u5de5\u4f5c\u6642\uff0cCPU \u9700\u8981\u91cd\u8907\u8b80\u53d6\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5340\u584a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u5f9e\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u4e2d\u8b80\u53d6\uff0c\u7531\u65bcCPU \u901f\u5ea6\u9060\u9ad8\u65bc\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5247\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u6210\u70ba\u96fb\u8166\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u74f6\u9838\uff0cCache \u6b63\u662f\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Cache \u904b\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u7576CPU \u8981\u8b80\u53d6\u4e00\u500b\u8cc7\u6599\u6642\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5f9eCache \u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u5c31\u7acb\u5373\u8b80\u53d6\u4e26\u9001\u7d66CPU \u8655\u7406\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u6c92\u6709\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u5c31\u5f9e\u901f\u5ea6\u76f8\u5c0d\u6162\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u4e2d\u8b80\u53d6\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u628a\u9019\u500b\u8cc7\u6599\u6240\u5728\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5340\u584a\u8abf\u5165Cache \u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u65e5\u5f8c\u80fd\u5920\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u5f9eCache \u4e2d\u8b80\u53d6\u8a72\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u518d\u53bb\u8b80\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8b80\u53d6\u6a5f\u5236\u4f7fCPU \u8b80\u53d6Cache \u7684\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\uff08\u591a\u6578CPU \u53ef\u905490%\u5de6\u53f3\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaaCPU \u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u8981\u8b80\u53d6\u7684\u8cc7\u659990%\u90fd\u5728Cache \u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5927\u7d0410%\u9700\u8981\u5f9e\u5167\u5b58\u8b80\u53d6\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5e45\u7bc0\u7701CPU \u8b80\u53d6\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u6642\u9593\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n CPU \u6838\u5fc3\u6574\u5408\u7684\u5feb\u53d6\u7a31\u70ba\u4e00\u7d1a\u5feb\u53d6\uff08L1 Cache\uff09\uff0c\u4e3b\u6a5f\u677f\u4e0a\u6574\u5408\u7684\u5feb\u53d6\u7a31\u70ba\u4e8c\u7d1a\u5feb\u53d6\uff08L2 Cache\uff09\u3002\u4e00\u7d1a\u5feb\u53d6\u53ef\u4ee5\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u70ba\u8cc7\u6599\u5feb\u53d6\uff08D-Cache\uff09\u548c\u6307\u4ee4\u5feb\u53d6\uff08I-Cache\uff09\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u7528\u4f86\u5b58\u653e\u8cc7\u6599\u548c\u57f7\u884c\u9019\u4e9b\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u6642\u88abCPU \u8a2a\u554f\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u6e1b\u5c11\u722d\u7528Cache \u9020\u6210\u7684\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8655\u7406\u5668\u6548\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n 7\uff0e\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6<\/p>\n\n\n\n CPU \u4f9d\u9760\u6307\u4ee4\u5b8c\u6210\u8a08\u7b97\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u5404\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b3e CPU \u5728\u8a2d\u8a08\u6642\u5c31\u898f\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8207\u5176\u786c\u9ad4\u96fb\u8def\u76f8\u914d\u5408\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u7684\u5f37\u5f31\u4e5f\u662f CPU \u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6307\u6a19\uff0c\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8 CPU\u6548\u7387\u7684\u6709\u6548\u5de5\u5177\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5f9e\u96fb\u8166\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7d50\u69cb\u8b1b\uff0c\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u8907\u96dc\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u8207\u7cbe\u7c21\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u5169\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5e38\u898b\u7684Intel CPU \u4ee5\u53ca AMD CPU \u5747\u70ba\u63a1\u7528 X86 \u67b6\u69cb\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u800c\u5f9e\u5177\u9ad4\u904b\u7528\u4f86\u770b\uff0cIntel \u516c\u53f8\u7684MMX\uff08Multi Media Extended\uff09\u3001SSE\u3001SSE2\uff08Streaming-Single instruction multiple data-Extensions 2\uff09\u548cAMD \u516c\u53f8\u76843DNow!\u7b49\u90fd\u662fx86 \u67b6\u69cbCPU\u7684\u64f4\u5c55\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u589e\u5f37\u4e86CPU \u7684\u591a\u5a92\u9ad4\u3001\u5716\u5f62\u3001\u5f71\u50cf\u548cInternet \u7b49\u7684\u8655\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n 8\uff0e CPU \u6838\u5fc3\u8207 I\/O \u5de5\u4f5c\u96fb\u58d3<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5f9e Pentium \u958b\u59cb\uff0cCPU \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u96fb\u58d3\u5206\u70ba\u6838\u5fc3\u96fb\u58d3\u548c I\/O \u96fb\u58d3\u5169\u7a2e\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u96fb\u58d3\u5373\u9a45\u52d5CPU \u6838\u5fc3\u6676\u7247\u7684\u96fb\u58d3\uff0cI\/O \u96fb\u58d3\u6307\u9a45\u52d5 I\/O \u96fb\u8def\u7684\u96fb\u58d3\u3002 CPU \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u96fb\u58d3\u5c0f\u65bc\u7b49\u65bc I\/O \u96fb\u58d3\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u96fb\u58d3\u4f9d CPU \u7684\u751f\u7522\u6d41\u7a0b\u800c\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u88fd\u4f5c\u88fd\u7a0b\u8d8a\u5148\u9032\uff0c\u96fb\u58d3\u8d8a\u4f4e\uff1bI\/O \u96fb\u58d3\u4e00\u822c\u5728 1.6\uff5e5V \u4e4b\u9593\u3002 CPU \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u96fb\u58d3\u6709\u660e\u986f\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\u8da8\u52e2\uff0c\u4f4e\u5de5\u4f5c\u96fb\u58d3\u6709\u4e09\u500b\u512a\u9ede\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n \uff081\uff09\u4f7f CPU \u7684\u7e3d\u529f\u8017\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u6210\u672c\u76f8\u61c9\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u96fb\u6c60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5de5\u4f5c\u66f4\u9577\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u4fbf\u651c\u5f0f\u548c\u79fb\u52d5\u7cfb\u7d71\u4f86\u8aaa\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \uff082\uff09\u529f\u8017\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u767c\u71b1\u91cf\u6e1b\u5c11\uff0c\u904b\u8f49\u6eab\u5ea6\u4e0d\u9ad8\u7684 CPU \u53ef\u4ee5\u8207\u7cfb\u7d71\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u914d\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \uff083\uff09\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8 CPU \u4e3b\u983b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n 9\uff0e\u88fd\u9020\u5de5\u85dd<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u88fd\u9020\u88fd\u7a0b\u662f\u6307\u7a4d\u9ad4\u96fb\u8def\u5167\u96fb\u8def\u8207\u96fb\u8def\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u3002 1995 \u5e74\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u6676\u7247\u88fd\u9020\u88fd\u7a0b\u5f9e 0.5\u03bcm\u30010.35 \u03bcm\u30010.25\u03bcm\u30010.18\u03bcm\u30010.15\u03bcm\u30010.13\u03bcm\u300190nm\u300165nm\u300145nm\uff0c\u767c\u5c55\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u768428nm\u300115nm\u30017nm\u30015nm\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5148\u9032\u7684\u88fd\u9020\u6d41\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u9762\u7a4d\u4e0a\u6574\u5408\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6676\u9ad4\u7ba1\uff0c\u4e26\u964d\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u6e1b\u5c11\u767c\u71b1\u91cf\uff0c\u4f7fCPU \u5be6\u73fe\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff1b\u4f7fCPU \u6838\u5fc3\u9762\u7a4d\u4e0d\u65b7\u6e1b\u5c0f\uff0c\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u9762\u7a4d\u7684\u6676\u5713\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u88fd\u9020\u51fa\u66f4\u591a\u7684CPU \u7522\u54c1\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u964d\u4f4eCPU \u7684\u552e\u50f9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n 10\uff0e\u8d85\u6d41\u6c34\u7dda\u8207\u8d85\u6a19\u91cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5728\u89e3\u91cb\u8d85\u6d41\u6c34\u7dda\u8207\u8d85\u6a19\u91cf\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u4e86\u89e3\u7ba1\u7dda\uff08Pipeline\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7ba1\u7dda\u662f Intel \u516c\u53f8\u5728 80486 CPU \u4e2d\u958b\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u3002\u6d41\u6c34\u7dda\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c31\u50cf\u5de5\u696d\u751f\u7522\u4e0a\u7684\u7d44\u88dd\u6d41\u6c34\u7dda\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u589e\u52a0\u786c\u9ad4\u5be6\u73fe\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u8981\u9810\u53d6\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5c31\u589e\u52a0\u53d6\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u786c\u9ad4\u96fb\u8def\uff0c\u5728CPU \u4e2d\u75315\u30016 \u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u96fb\u8def\u55ae\u5143\u7d44\u6210\u4e00\u689d\u6307\u4ee4\u8655\u7406\u7ba1\u7dda\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u4e00\u689d\u6307\u4ee4\u5206\u62105\u30016 \u6b65\uff0c\u518d\u7531\u9019\u4e9b\u96fb\u8def\u55ae\u5143\u5206\u5225\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u5404\u6b65\u9a5f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u6642\u9593\u4e0a\u91cd\u758a\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8CPU \u7684\u904b\u7b97\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u8d85\u7d1a\u6d41\u6c34\u7dda\u900f\u904e\u7d30\u5316\u6d41\u6c34\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e3b\u983b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u6a5f\u5668\u9031\u671f\u5167\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u751a\u81f3\u591a\u500b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u8cea\u662f\u4ee5\u6642\u9593\u63db\u7a7a\u9593\u3002\u4f8b\u5982 Intel Pentium 4 \u7684\u7ba1\u7dda\u9577 20 \u968e\u3002\u7ba1\u7dda\u7684\u6b65\uff08\u7d1a\uff09\u8d8a\u9577\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u689d\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u8d8a\u5feb\uff0c\u80fd\u9069\u61c9\u4e3b\u983b\u8f03\u9ad8\u7684 CPU\u3002\u4f46\u7ba1\u7dda\u904e\u9577\u4e5f\u5e36\u4f86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u4e3b\u983b\u8f03\u9ad8\u7684 CPU \u5be6\u969b\u904b\u7b97\u901f\u5ea6\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n CPU \u5167\u5efa\u591a\u689d\u7ba1\u7dda\u540c\u6642\u57f7\u884c\u591a\u689d\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u6bcf\u6642\u8108\u9031\u671f\u5167\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u689d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u8a2d\u8a08\u53eb\u505a\u8d85\u6a19\u91cf\uff08Superscalar\uff09\u6280\u8853\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n 11\uff0e SMP<\/p>\n\n\n\n SMP\uff08Symmetric Multi-Processing\uff0c\u5c0d\u7a31\u591a\u8655\u7406\u7d50\u69cb\uff09\u662f\u6307\u5728\u96fb\u8166\u4e0a\u532f\u96c6\u4e86\u4e00\u7d44\u7d50\u69cb\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8655\u7406\u5668\uff08\u591a CPU\uff09\uff0c\u5404 CPU \u5171\u4eab\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u4ee5\u53ca\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u3002\u5728\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\u4e3b\u6a5f\u677f\u548c\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e2d\u5e38\u898b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u57f7\u884c UNIX \u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u53ef\u652f\u63f4\u6700\u591a 256 \u500b CPU\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n 12\uff0e\u591a\u6838\u5fc3<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u591a\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u6307\u55ae\u6676\u7247\u591a\u8655\u7406\u5668\uff08Chip Multiprocessors\uff0cCMP\uff09\u3002 CMP \u7531\u7f8e\u570b\u53f2\u4e39\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u5176\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\u5c07\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u5e73\u884c\u8655\u7406\u5668\u4e2d\u7684 SMP \u6574\u5408\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u6676\u7247\u5167\uff0c\u5404\u500b\u8655\u7406\u5668\u4e26\u884c\u57f7\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9032\u7a0b\u3002\u5f9e\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7d50\u69cb\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0cSMP \u6bd4 CMP \u5c0d\u8655\u7406\u5668\u8cc7\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u7387\u9ad8\uff0c\u5728\u514b\u670d\u5ef6\u9072\u5f71\u97ff\u65b9\u9762\u66f4\u5177\u512a\u52e2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u800c CMP \u76f8\u5c0d SMP \u7684\u6700\u5927\u512a\u52e2\u5728\u65bc\u5176\u6a21\u7d44\u5316\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u7c21\u6f54\u6027\u3002\u8907\u88fd\u7c21\u55ae\u3001\u8a2d\u8a08\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u6307\u4ee4\u8abf\u5ea6\u4e5f\u66f4\u7c21\u55ae\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0cSMP \u4e2d\u591a\u500b\u57f7\u884c\u7dd2\u5c0d\u5171\u4eab\u8cc7\u6e90\u7684\u722d\u7528\u4e5f\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u5176\u6548\u80fd\uff0c\u800cCMP \u5c0d\u5171\u4eab\u8cc7\u6e90\u7684\u722d\u7528\u5247\u5c11\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7576\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u7dd2\u7d1a\u4e26\u884c\u6027\u8f03\u9ad8\u6642\uff0cCMP \u6548\u80fd\u4e00\u822c\u512a\u65bcSMP \u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e0a\uff0c\u66f4\u77ed\u7684\u6676\u7247\u9023\u7dda\u4f7f CMP \u6bd4\u9577\u5c0e\u7dda\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684 SMP \u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u63d0\u9ad8\u6676\u7247\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u983b\u7387\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u8d77\u5230\u6027\u80fd\u512a\u5316\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n 13\uff0e\u591a\uff08\u8d85\uff09\u7dda\u7a0b\u6280\u8853<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6bcf\u500b\u6b63\u5728\u904b\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u9032\u7a0b\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u884c\u7a0b\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u5230\u591a\u500b\u57f7\u884c\u7dd2\u3002\u57f7\u884c\u7dd2\u662f\u9032\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7368\u7acb\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u591a\u57f7\u884c\u7dd2\u6280\u8853\u662f\u6307\u5f9e\u8edf\u9ad4\u6216\u786c\u9ad4\u4e0a\u5be6\u4f5c\u591a\u500b\u57f7\u884c\u7dd2\u4e26\u767c\u57f7\u884c\u7684\u6280\u8853\u3002\u5177\u6709\u591a\u7dda\u7a0b\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u56e0\u6709\u786c\u9ad4\u652f\u63f4\u800c\u80fd\u5920\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6642\u9593\u57f7\u884c\u591a\u500b\u7dda\u7a0b\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u63d0\u5347\u6574\u9ad4\u6548\u80fd\u3002\u5177\u6709\u6b64\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u5305\u62ec\u5c0d\u7a31\u591a\u8655\u7406\u6a5f\u3001\u591a\u6838\u5fc3\u8655\u7406\u5668\u4ee5\u53ca\u6676\u7247\u7d1a\u591a\u8655\u7406\uff08Chip-Level Multithreading\uff09\u6216\u540c\u6642\u591a\u57f7\u884c\u7dd2\uff08Simultaneous Multithreading\uff0cSMT\uff09\u8655\u7406\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u8d85\u7dda\u7a0b\uff08Hyper-Threading\uff0cHT\uff09\u6280\u8853\u662fIntel P4 CPU \u958b\u59cb\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u786c\u9ad4\u6307\u4ee4\u628a\u5169\u500b\u908f\u8f2f\u6838\u5fc3\u6a21\u64ec\u6210\u5169\u500b\u5be6\u9ad4\u6676\u7247\uff0c\u8b93\u55ae\u4e00\u8655\u7406\u5668\u80fd\u9032\u884c\u7dda\u7a0b\u7d1a\u4e26\u884c\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u76f8\u5bb9\u65bc\u591a\u57f7\u884c\u7dd2\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\u548c\u8edf\u9ad4\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11CPU \u7684\u9592\u7f6e\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8CPU \u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u63a1\u7528\u8d85\u7dda\u7a0b\u6280\u8853\u80fd\u540c\u6642\u57f7\u884c\u5169\u500b\u7dda\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e26\u4e0d\u50cf\u5169\u500b\u771f\u6b63\u7684 CPU \u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b CPU \u90fd\u6709\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002\u7576\u5169\u500b\u57f7\u884c\u7dd2\u90fd\u540c\u6642\u9700\u8981\u67d0\u4e00\u500b\u8cc7\u6e90\u6642\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u8981\u66ab\u6642\u505c\u6b62\uff0c\u4e26\u8b93\u51fa\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u9019\u4e9b\u8cc7\u6e90\u9592\u7f6e\u5f8c\u624d\u80fd\u7e7c\u7e8c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u8d85\u7dda\u7a0b\u7684\u6548\u80fd\u4e26\u4e0d\u7b49\u65bc\u5169\u500b CPU \u7684\u6548\u80fd\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u542b\u6709\u8d85\u7dda\u7a0b\u6280\u8853\u7684 CPU \u9700\u8981\u6676\u7247\u7d44\u3001\u8edf\u9ad4\u652f\u63f4\u624d\u80fd\u767c\u63ee\u8a72\u6280\u8853\u7684\u512a\u52e2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n 14\uff0e NUMA \u6280\u8853<\/p>\n\n\n\n NUMA \u5373\u975e\u4e00\u81f4\u5b58\u53d6\u5206\u4f48\u5171\u4eab\u5132\u5b58\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u82e5\u5e72\u900f\u904e\u9ad8\u901f\u5c08\u7528\u7db2\u8def\u9023\u63a5\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u7368\u7acb\u7bc0\u9ede\u6240\u69cb\u6210\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u5404\u500b\u7bc0\u9ede\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u55ae\u4e00\u7684 CPU \u6216\u662f SMP \u7cfb\u7d71\u3002\u5728 NUMA \u4e2d\uff0cCache \u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u6709\u591a\u7a2e\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u8edf\u9ad4\u7684\u652f\u63f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u8f6c\u81ea \u667a\u6167\u578b\u904b\u7b97\u82af\u4e16\u754c 1\uff0e\u4e3b\u983b \u4e3b\u983b\uff0c\u5373 CPU \u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6642\u8108\u983b\u7387\uff08CPU Clock Speed\uff09\uff0c\u55ae\u4f4d\u70ba MHz \u6216 GHz\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u67d0\u67d0 CPU \u662f\u591a\u5c11\u5146\u8d6b\u6307\u7684\u5c31\u662f CPU \u7684\u4e3b\u983b\u3002 \u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba CPU \u7684\u4e3b\u983b\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u904b\u4f5c\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4e0d\u7136\u3002 CPU \u7684\u4e3b\u983b\u8868\u793a\u5728CPU \u5167\u6578\u4f4d\u8108\u885d\u8a0a\u865f\u9707\u8569\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e3b\u983b\u548c\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u904b\u7b97\u901f\u5ea6\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4f46\u76ee\u524d\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u80fd\u5920\u5b9a\u91cf\u5169\u8005\u7684\u6578\u503c\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u56e0\u70baCPU \u7684\u904b\u7b97\u901f\u5ea6\u9084\u8207CPU \u7684\u7ba1\u7dda\u6578\u76ee\u3001\u5feb\u53d6\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u3001CPU \u7684\u4f4d\u6578\u7b49\u6307\u6a19\u6709\u95dc\u3002 2\uff0e\u5916\u983b \u5916\u983b\u662f CPU \u7684\u57fa\u6e96\u983b\u7387\uff0c\u55ae\u4f4d\u662f MHz\uff0c\u662f CPU \u8207\u4e3b\u6a5f\u677f\u4e4b\u9593\u540c\u6b65\u904b\u4f5c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u983b\u7387\uff08\u7cfb\u7d71\u6642\u8108\u983b\u7387\uff09\u3002\u7d55\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u96fb\u8166\u7cfb\u7d71\u5916\u983b\u4e5f\u662f\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u8207\u4e3b\u6a5f\u677f\u4e4b\u9593\u540c\u6b65\u904b\u4f5c\u7684\u983b\u7387\u3002 3\uff0e\u524d\u7aef\u532f\u6d41\u6392 \u524d\u7aef\u532f\u6d41\u6392\uff08Front Side Bus\uff0cFSB\uff09\u662f AMD \u516c\u53f8\u63a8\u51fa K7 CPU \u6642\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u662f\u5c07 CPU\u9023\u63a5\u5230\u5317\u6a4b\u6676\u7247\u7684\u532f\u6d41\u6392\uff0c\u6c7a\u5b9a CPU \u8207\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u8cc7\u6599\u4ea4\u63db\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3002 \u8cc7\u6599\u50b3\u8f38\u6700\u5927\u983b\u5bec\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u6240\u6709\u540c\u6642\u50b3\u8f38\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u5bec\u5ea6\u548c\u50b3\u8f38\u983b\u7387\uff0c\u5373\u8cc7\u6599\u983b\u5bec\uff1d\uff08FSB\u00d7\u8cc7\u6599\u4f4d\u5143\u5bec\uff09\/8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982 64 \u4f4d\u5143\u7684 CPU\uff0c\u524d\u7aef\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u662f 800MHz\uff0c\u5247\u5b83\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u50b3\u8f38\u6700\u5927\u983b\u5bec\u662f6.4GB\/s\u3002\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u524d\u7aef\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u983b\u7387\u6709 266MHz\u3001333MHz\u3001400MHz\u3001533MHz\u3001800MHz\u30011066MHz\u30011333MHz \u7b49\uff0c\u524d\u7aef\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u983b\u7387\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u8868\u793a CPU \u8207\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u50b3\u8f38\u901f\u7387\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u66f4\u80fd\u5145\u5206\u767c\u63ee CPU \u7684\u6548\u80fd\u3002\u5920\u5927\u7684\u524d\u7aef\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u969c\u6709\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u4f9b\u7d66 CPU\u3002\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u524d\u7aef\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u7121\u6cd5\u4f9b\u7d66\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u7d66 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